Journal
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
Volume 211, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2021.108606
Keywords
Polymer-matrix composites (PMCs); Mechanical properties; Thermal properties
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51991352, 51973203]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [WK2320000047]
- CAS President's International Fellowship [2019PE0014]
- University of Science and Technology of China Centre for Micro and Nanoscale Research
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Organic-inorganic hybrid flame retardant technology can simultaneously improve the flame retardancy, smoke suppression, and mechanical properties of polymers. The novel flame retardant IR-MOF-3-Mel significantly reduces the fire risk of epoxy resin by forming a high thermal resistance char layer, as evidenced by improved LOI, UL-94 classifications, reduced heat release rate, and enhanced mechanical properties.
Organic-inorganic hybrid flame retardant technology integrates independent ingredients into a whole, thus showing advantage of simultaneous improvement in flame retardant, smoke suppressant and mechanical properties of polymers over traditional flame retardants. In this work, a novel organic-inorganic hybrid flame retardant denoted as IR-MOF-3-Mel was synthesized by covalent hybridization of isoreticular metal-organic framework-3 (IR-MOF-3) with melamine. A relatively low amount of IR-MOF-3-Mel nanoparticles dramatically decreased the fire risk of epoxy resin (EP). Specifically, the EP with only 2.0 wt% of IR-MOF-3-Mel achieved a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 30.5% as well as a UL-94 V-0 classification, whereas its counterpart with 2.0 wt % of IR-MOF-3 showed a LOI of 25.0% and no classification in UL-94 test. Furthermore, the peak heat release rate, total heat release and smoke production rate of the EP with 2.0 wt% of IR-MOF-3-Mel was declined by 74.0%, 71.4% and 35.6%, respectively, compared to neat EP. Additionally, the glass transition temperature, the tensile strength, and the young's modulus were 11 degrees C, 38%, and 27% higher than those of neat EP, respectively. The flame retardant mechanism analysis clarified that IR-MOF-3-Mel contributed to formation of a char layer with a high level of thermal resistance and graphitization which accounted for significantly reduced fire risks.
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