Journal
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
Volume 202, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2020.108440
Keywords
Black phosphorene; Lanthanide; Adsorption energy; Surface functionalization; Flame-retardancy
Funding
- National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFD0601003]
- Guangzhou Science and Technology Planning Project of China [201804010174]
- Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou [201904010244]
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Owing to its intrinsic structure, thermal stability and dimension effects, black phosphorene (BP) has great potential in manufacturing advanced-performance polymer composites. However, the shortcoming of instability and re-agglomeration enables great challenges toward its application. Herein, a lanthanide metal ligand ((CF3SO3)(3) Er) has been employed to decorate few-layer BP nanosheets. By means of density functional theory (DFT), there is a high adsorption energy of -1.49 eV in the system, which confirms a powerful adsorbing effect is existed between BP and (CF3SO3)(3) Er. Due to the charge transfer from BP to (CF3SO3)(3) Er molecule, the lone-pair electrons of BP are passivated, thereby the decorated BP (Er-BP) exhibits robust stability in ambient conditions and common solvents. Whereafter, the Er-BP is loading into epoxy resin (EP) to manufacture EP-based composites. The Er-BP can not only effectively enhance the dispersion of BP in EP substrate, but also catalyze the curing process of EP nanocomposites. When the amount of Er-BP in epoxy is 3.0 wt%, the residual char content is clearly improved by 75.42%, which is attributed to the coadjutant catalytic charring function between BP and (CF3SO3)(3) Er. EP/Er-BP 3.0 sample can meet the requirement of UL-94 V-0 testing, and the limiting oxygen index (LOI) value is improved from 24.7% to 30.3%. Meanwhile, there is a 61.37% reduction in the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and a 36.68% decrease in the total heat release (THR). The smoke production rate (SPR) and total smoke production (TSP) are also decreased by 62.90% and 55.94%, respectively. Particularly, the amount of CO released per second (COP) is dramatically reduced by 74.24%, implying that the heat and smoke release has been significantly suppressed due to the production of protective char layer.
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