Chasing language through the brain: Successive parallel networks

Objective: To describe the spatio-temporal dynamics and interactions during linguistic and memory tasks. Methods: Event-related electrocorticographic (ECoG) spectral patterns obtained during cognitive tasks from 26 epilepsy patients (aged: 9-60 y) were analyzed in order to examine the spatio-temporal patterns of activation of cortical language areas. ECoGs (1024 Hz/channel) were recorded from 1567 subdural electrodes and 510 depth electrodes chronically implanted over or within the frontal, parietal, occipital and/ or temporal lobes as part of their surgical work-up for intractable seizures. Six language/memory tasks were performed, which required responding verbally to auditory or visual word stimuli. Detailed analysis of electrode locations allowed combining results across patients. Results: Transient increases in induced ECoG gamma power (70-100 Hz) were observed in response to hearing words (central superior temporal gyrus), reading text and naming pictures (occipital and fusiform cortex) and speaking (pre-central, post-central and sub-central cortex). Conclusions: Between these activations there was widespread spatial divergence followed by convergence of gamma activity that reliably identified cortical areas associated with task-specific processes. Significance: The combined dataset supports the concept of functionally-specific locally parallel language networks that are widely distributed, partially interacting in succession to serve the cognitive and behavioral demands of the tasks. (C) 2020 International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

The study aimed to investigate the activation patterns in cortical language areas during cognitive tasks through analysis of event-related ECoG data of epilepsy patients. The results showed transient increases in gamma power in response to different language and memory tasks, reflecting spatial divergence and convergence in cortical activity associated with task-specific processes. This suggests the presence of functionally-specific language networks that interact in sequence to meet cognitive and behavioral demands.