Journal
CELL HOST & MICROBE
Volume 29, Issue 3, Pages 408-+Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.12.004
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Funding
- Massachusetts Host-Microbiome Center [P30DK034854]
- KL2 award from Harvard Catalyst [4Kl2TR001100-04]
- Boston Area Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center (BADERC) [NIH/NIDDK P30 DK057521]
- NIH MIRA grant [R35 GM128618]
- Blavatnik Biomedical Accelerator at Harvard University
- Quadrangle Fund for the Advancement and Seeding of Translational Research at Harvard Medical School (Q-FASTR) grant
- American Heart Association Postdoctoral Fellowship
- HMS Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology Fellowship
- American College of Surgeons fellowship
- NIH T32 training grant
- HMS Christopher Walsh Fellowship
- DRC P&F program grant from Joslin Diabetes Center [P30DK036836]
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Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for type 2 diabetes, associated with changes in gut metabolites. Activation of the vitamin D receptor post-surgery leads to increased production of cholic acid-7-sulfate (CA7S), facilitating selective transport across the gut epithelium. Additionally, the microbiome-dependent pathway plays a crucial role in connecting a microbial metabolite with the improvement of diabetic phenotypes through CA7S synthesis and GLP-1 secretion.
Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for type 2 diabetes and is associated with changes in gut metabolites. Previous work uncovered a gut-restricted TGR5 agonist with anti-diabetic properties-cholic acid-7-sulfate (CA7S)-that is elevated following sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Here, we elucidate a micro-biome-dependent pathway by which SG increases CA7S production. We show that a microbial metabolite, lithocholic acid (LCA), is increased in murine portal veins post-SG and by activating the vitamin D receptor, induces hepatic mSult2A1/hSULT2A expression to drive CA7S production. An SG-induced shift in the microbiome increases gut expression of the bile acid transporters Asbt and Osta, which in turn facilitate selective transport of LCA across the gut epithelium. Cecal micro-biota transplant from SG animals is sufficient to recreate the pathway in germ-free (GF) animals. Activation of this gut-liver pathway leads to CA7S synthesis and GLP-1 secretion, causally connecting a microbial metabolite with the improvement of diabetic phenotypes.
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