Journal
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
Volume 19, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
BMC
DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00668-w
Keywords
MicroRNAs; Probiotics; Biomarkers; Cancer; Inflammatory bowel disease; Supplements
Categories
Funding
- Kashan University of Medical Sciences, in Iran
- US NIH [R01AI050875, R21AI121700]
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Probiotics are beneficial bacteria that can compete with pathogenic microorganisms and regulate the host immune response, resulting in preventive and therapeutic effects. Dysbiosis may contribute to various pathological conditions, while miRNAs play a crucial role in almost all cellular signaling pathways in both healthy and diseased states.
Probiotics are beneficial bacteria that exist within the human gut, and which are also present in different food products and supplements. They have been investigated for some decades, due to their potential beneficial impact on human health. Probiotics compete with pathogenic microorganisms for adhesion sites within the gut, to antagonize them or to regulate the host immune response resulting in preventive and therapeutic effects. Therefore, dysbiosis, defined as an impairment in the gut microbiota, could play a role in various pathological conditions, such as lactose intolerance, gastrointestinal and urogenital infections, various cancers, cystic fibrosis, allergies, inflammatory bowel disease, and can also be caused by antibiotic side effects. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that can regulate gene expression in a post-transcriptional manner. miRNAs are biochemical biomarkers that play an important role in almost all cellular signaling pathways in many healthy and disease states. For the first time, the present review summarizes current evidence suggesting that the beneficial properties of probiotics could be explained based on the pivotal role of miRNAs.
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