Journal
BULLETIN OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Volume 80, Issue 3, Pages 2117-2130Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s10064-020-02080-7
Keywords
Debris flow; Rainfall patterns; Rainfall intensity; Cumulative rainfall
Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2018YFC1505402]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [42077245, 41521002]
- Major Science and Technology Projects of Sichuan Province [2020YFS0352, 2020YFS0387]
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Research in the Wenchuan earthquake region of Southwest China has found that post-earthquake debris flows can be classified into short-term, medium persistent, and long-term intermittent rainfall patterns, each with different characteristics in terms of rainfall intensity, duration, and cumulative rainfall. These patterns have implications for infiltration, saturation, and triggering mechanisms of debris flows. By establishing rainfall-threshold patterns, it is possible to predict the critical initiation conditions of debris flows in different watersheds based on intensity-duration curves.
In recent years, debris flows induced by rainstorms have caused severe casualties and property losses in the Wenchuan earthquake region, Southwest China. The different rainfall patterns point to a composite rainfall threshold for the occurrence of debris flows. The rainfall intensity and antecedent rainfall of debris flow events were analyzed after the Wenchuan earthquake. The results show that the rainfall pattern in time can be classified into three types: a short-term rainfall pattern, a medium persistent rainfall pattern, and a long-term intermittent rainfall pattern. The main differences between the three patterns of a single precipitation event are rainfall intensity, duration, and cumulative rainfall, which can result in different infiltration, saturation, and triggering mechanisms of debris flows. The short-term rainfall pattern can be associated with the highest rainfall intensity and the least cumulative rainfall. The medium persistent rainfall pattern is related to intermediate rainfall intensity and the medium cumulative rainfall, and a long-term intermittent rainfall pattern can be related to the lowest rainfall intensity and the longest rainfall duration. At last, this paper sets up the patterns of rainfall-threshold for debris-flow occurrence. According to the critical initiation, conditions of the debris flow in the five watersheds can be predicted by the intensity-duration curve (ID curve) under different rainfall patterns.
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