4.4 Article

Effect of a moderate dose of fructose in solid foods on TAG, glucose and uric acid before and after a 1-month moderate sugar-feeding period

Journal

BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
Volume 126, Issue 6, Pages 837-843

Publisher

CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1017/S0007114520004845

Keywords

TAG; Uric acid; Glucose; Fructose; Sucrose; Solid foods

Funding

  1. Principal National Health and Medical Research Fellowship
  2. NH&MRC Research Fellowship
  3. University of South Australia

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The chronic consumption of moderate doses of fructose in solid foods had effects on triglycerides, glucose, and uric acid levels. The increase in fasting TAG levels in participants with IFG/IGT suggests caution for those at increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Other lipid profiles and glucose levels did not significantly differ between fructose and sucrose consumption over a 1-month period.
There are few data on the effects on TAG, glucose and uric acid of chronic consumption of a moderate dose of fructose in solid foods. Twenty-eight participants with prediabetes and/or obesity and overweight commenced the study (BMI 32 center dot 3 kg/m(2), age 44 center dot 7 years, fasting glucose 5 center dot 3 (sd 0 center dot 89) mmol/l and 2-h glucose 6 center dot 6 (sd 1 center dot 8) mmol/l). Twenty-four men and women who completed the study consumed, in random order, two acute test meals of muffins sweetened with either fructose or sucrose. This was followed by 4-week chronic consumption of 42 g/d of either fructose or sucrose in low-fat muffins after which the two meal tests were repeated. The sugar type in the chronic feeding period was also randomised. Fasting TAG increased after chronic consumption of fructose by 0 center dot 31 (sd 0 center dot 37) mmol/l compared with sucrose in those participants with impaired fasting glucose (IFG)/impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (P = 0 center dot 004). Total cholesterol (0 center dot 33 mmol/l), LDL-cholesterol (0 center dot 24 mmol/l) and HDL-cholesterol (0 center dot 08 mmol/l) increased significantly over the 1- month feeding period with no differences between muffin types. Fasting glucose was not different after 1 month of muffin consumption. Uric acid response was not different between the two sugar types either baseline or 1 month, and there were no differences between baseline and 1 month. The increase in fasting TAG in participants with IFG/IGT suggests the need for caution in people at increased risk of type 2 diabetes.

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