Behaviour change techniques in personalised care planning for older people: a systematic review

Background Personalised care planning (PCP) interventions have the potential to provide better outcomes for older people and are a key focus in primary care practice. Behaviour change techniques (BCTs) can maximise effectiveness of such interventions. but it is uncertain which BCTs am most appropriate in PCP for older adults. Aim To identify BCTs used in successful PCP interventions for older people aged >= 65 years. Design and setting Systematic review. Method The authors searched 12 databases from date of inception to 30 September 2017. They identified randomised controlled trials [RCTs] of interventions involving participants aged >= 65 years. and contextually related to PCP. Five areas of risk of bias were assessed. The Michie et at; BCT taxonomy was used for coding. Results Twenty-three RCTs involving 6/189 participants (average age 74 years) described PCP interventions targeting the general older adult population and older people with specific long-term conditions (tor example, heart disease, diabetes, stroke). Just over half of the studies were deemed to be at a low risk of bras. Eleven 'promising' BCTs were identified in five trials reporting significant improvements in quality of life (QoL). Six BCTs were reported in all five of these trials: 'goal setting'. 'action planning'. problem solving'. 'social support'. instructions on how to perform a behaviour, and 'information on health consequences'. Modes of delivery varied. Conclusion Future PCP interventions to improve QoL for people aged >= 65 years may benefit from focusing on six specific BCTs. Better reporting of BCTs would enhance future design and implementation of such interventions.

Automated summary

The study found that in personalised care planning interventions for older people aged >= 65 years, a focus on six specific behaviour change techniques, including goal setting, action planning, problem solving, social support, instructions on how to perform a behaviour, and information on health consequences, may improve quality of life. Better reporting of these behaviour change techniques would enhance future design and implementation of such interventions.