Genome-wide identification of the histone acetyltransferase gene family in Triticum aestivum

Background: Histone acetylation is a ubiquitous and reversible post-translational modification in eukaryotes and prokaryotes that is co-regulated by histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC). HAT activity is important for the modification of chromatin structure in eukaryotic cells, affecting gene transcription and thereby playing a crucial regulatory role in plant development. Comprehensive analyses of HAT genes have been performed in Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, barley, grapes, tomato, litchi and Zea mays, but comparable identification and analyses have not been conducted in wheat (Triticum aestivum). Results: In this study, 31 TaHATs were identified and divided into six groups with conserved gene structures and motif compositions. Phylogenetic analysis was performed to predict functional similarities between Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa and Triticum aestivum HAT genes. The TaHATs appeared to be regulated by cis-acting elements such as LTR and TC-rich repeats. The qRT-PCR analysis showed that the TaHATs were differentially expressed in multiple tissues. The TaHATs in expression also responded to temperature changes, and were all significantly upregulated after being infected by barley streak mosaic virus (BSMV), Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) and wheat yellow mosaic virus (WYMV). Conclusions: These results suggest that TaHATs may have specific roles in the response to viral infection and provide a basis for further study of TaHAT functions in T. aestivum plant immunity.

Automated summary

This study identified 31 TaHAT genes in wheat, divided into six groups with conserved gene structures. TaHATs were regulated by cis-acting elements and showed differential expression in various tissues, as well as response to temperature changes and viral infections. These findings suggest specific roles of TaHATs in wheat immunity, providing a basis for further research.