Emerging trends in microbial fuel cell diversification-Critical analysis

Global need for transformation from fossil-based to bio-based economy is constantly emerging for the production of low-carbon/renewable energy/products. Microbial fuel cell (MFC) catalysed by bio-electrochemical process gained significant attention initially for its unique potential to generate energy. Diversification of MFC is an emerging trend in the context of prioritising/enhancing product output while exploring the mechanism specificity of individual processes. Bioelectrochemical treatment system (BET), microbial electrosynthesis system (MES), bioelectrochemical system (BES), electro-fermentation (EF), microbial desalination cell (MDC), microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) and electro-methanogenesis (EM) are the diversified MFC systems that are being researched actively. Owing to its broad diversification, MFC domain is increasing its potential credibility as a platform technology. Microbial catalyzed electrochemical reactions are the key which directly/indirectly are proportionally linked to electrometabolic activity of microorganisms towards final anticipated output. This review intends to holistically document the mechanisms, applications and current trends of MFC diversifications towards multi-faced applications.

Automated summary

The global demand for transitioning from a fossil-based to a bio-based economy for low-carbon/renewable energy and products is driving the emergence of microbial fuel cell (MFC) technologies. Diversification of MFC systems, such as BET, MES, BES, EF, MDC, MEC, and EM, is actively being researched to enhance product output and explore mechanism specificity. The key role of microbial catalyzed electrochemical reactions in MFCs is directly linked to the electrometabolic activity of microorganisms, showing potential for multi-faced applications.