Journal
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-REVIEWS ON CANCER
Volume 1875, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188463
Keywords
Extracellular vesicles; Exosomes; PD-1/PD-L1; Liquid biopsy; Cancer; Immune-checkpoint inhibitors
Categories
Funding
- MIUR, Italy (PRIN 2017) [2017NR7W5K]
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Monoclonal antibodies targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis enhance immune response to cancer, but some patients do not benefit from treatment due to resistance or adverse reactions. Currently, PD-L1 expression in tumor tissues is used to predict drug response, but researchers are interested in identifying blood-based biomarkers for dynamic monitoring of response.
Monoclonal antibodies that inhibit the programmed cell death protein 1 axis (anti-PD-1/PD-L1) are part of a new pharmacological strategy aimed at reinforcing the immune response to cancer. Despite the success in several cancer types, a significant percentage of patients do not benefit from treatment with these drugs due to intrinsic or acquired resistance or the occurrence of immune-related adverse reactions. Assessment of PD-L1 expression in tumor tissues is currently used to predict drug response in the clinics; however, there is a growing interest in identifying blood-based biomarkers that, owing to the minimally-invasive nature, can allow a dynamic monitoring of drug response in daily clinical practice. In the current review article, we discuss whether the assessment of PD-L1 mRNA and protein levels in circulating extracellular vesicles may have the potential to predict the likelihood of tumor response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies.
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