Journal
ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
Volume 49, Issue 6, Pages 1572-1586Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10439-020-02712-9
Keywords
Chitosan; Biodegradation; Fibronectin; Nasal chondrocytes; Hyaline cartilage
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Funding
- Croatian Science Foundation [IP-2014-09-3752]
- European Union [681103]
- H2020 Societal Challenges Programme [681103] Funding Source: H2020 Societal Challenges Programme
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Chitosan-based materials are recognized as suitable microenvironments for chondrocyte adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation, while utilizing nasal chondrocytes to culture articular cartilage has emerged as a promising novel strategy for cartilage regeneration. The study indicates that improving chitosan bioactivity can enhance its interactions with fibronectin, thus promoting cartilage regeneration.
The treatment of cartilage defect remains a challenging issue in clinical practice. Chitosan-based materials have been recognized as a suitable microenvironment for chondrocyte adhesion, proliferation and differentiation forming articular cartilage. The use of nasal chondrocytes to culture articular cartilage on an appropriate scaffold emerged as a promising novel strategy for cartilage regeneration. Beside excellent properties, chitosan lacks in biological activity, such as RGD-sequences. In this work, we have prepared pure and protein-modified chitosan scaffolds of different deacetylation degree and molecular weight as platforms for the culture of sheep nasal chondrocytes. Fibronectin (FN) was chosen as an adhesive protein for the improvement of chitosan bioactivity. Prepared scaffolds were characterised in terms of microstructure, physical and biodegradation properties, while FN interactions with different chitosans were investigated through adsorption-desorption studies. The results indicated faster enzymatic degradation of chitosan scaffolds with lower deacetylation degree, while better FN interactions with material were achieved on chitosan with higher number of amine groups. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis of in vitro engineered cartilage grafts showed presence of hyaline cartilage produced by nasal chondrocytes.
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