Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
Volume 320, Issue 1, Pages E7-E18Publisher
AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00165.2020
Keywords
appetite regulatory hormones; incretin hormones; nutritional therapy; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; beta-cell function
Categories
Funding
- Arla Food for Health, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Dept. of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg
Ask authors/readers for more resources
Research suggests that a 6-week carbohydrate-restricted diet can significantly reduce postprandial glucose fluctuations, improve insulin secretion, and increase subjective satiety in patients with Type 2 diabetes.
Dietary carbohydrate restriction may improve the phenotype of Type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients. We aimed to investigate 6 wk of carbohydrate restriction on postprandial glucose metabolism, pancreatic alpha and beta-cell function, gut hormone secretion, and satiety in T2D patients. Methods In a crossover design, 28 T2D patients (mean HbA(1c): 60 mmol/mol) were randomized to 6 wk of carbohydrate-reduced high-protein (CRHP) diet and 6 wk of conventional diabetes (CD) diet (energy-percentage carbohydrate/protein/fat: 30/30/40 vs. 50/17/33). Twenty-four-hour continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and mixed-meal tests were undertaken and fasting intact proinsulin (IP), 32,33 split proinsulin concentrations (SP), and postprandial insulin secretion rates (ISR), insulinogenic index (IGI), (3-cell sensitivity to glucose (B-up), glucagon, and gut hormones were measured. Gastric emptying was evaluated by postprandial paracetamol concentrations and satiety by visual analog scale ratings. A CRHP diet reduced postprandial glucose area under curve (net AUC) by 60% (P < 0.001), 24 h glucose by 13% (P < 0.001), fasting IP and SP concentrations (both absolute and relative to C-peptide, P < 0.05), and postprandial ISR (24%, P = 0.015), while IGI and B-up improved by 31% and 45% (both P < 0.001). The CRHP diet increased postprandial glucagon net AUC by 235% (P < 0.001), subjective satiety by 18% (P = 0.03), delayed gastric emptying by 15 min (P < 0.001), decreased gastric inhibitory polypeptide net AUC by 29% (P < 0.001), but had no significant effect on glucagon-like-peptide-1, total peptide YY, and cholecystokinin responses. A CRHP diet reduced glucose excursions and improved beta-cell function, including proinsulin processing, and increased subjective satiety in patients with T2D.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available