Integrated Devices for Non-Invasive Diagnostics

Sample-in-answer-out type integrated diagnostic devices have been widely recognized as the ultimate solution to simplify testing across healthcare systems. Such systems are equipped with advanced fluidic, mechanical, chemical, biological, and electronic components to handle patient samples without any manual steps therefore have the potential to accelerate intervention and improve patient outcomes. In this regard, the combination of integrated devices and non-invasive sampling has gained a substantial interest to further improve the comfort and safety of patients. In this Review, the pioneering developments in integrated diagnostics are covered and their potential in non-invasive sampling is discussed. The key properties of possible sample types are highlighted by addressing their relevance for the clinical practice. Last, the factors affecting the transition of integrated devices from academia to the market are identified by analyzing the technology readiness levels of selected examples and alternative remedies are explored to increase the rate of survival during this transition.

Automated summary

Integrated diagnostic devices are recognized as the ultimate solution to simplify healthcare testing, accelerating intervention and improving patient outcomes. The combination of non-invasive sampling and integrated devices is of substantial interest for improving patient comfort and safety. Factors affecting the transition of integrated devices from academia to market, such as technology readiness levels and survival rates, are crucial for success.