Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 15, Issue 1, Pages 210-239Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08652
Keywords
single atom catalysts; fuel cell; rechargeable battery; electrode; conversion reaction; coordination configuration; energy storage and conversion; high energy density
Categories
Funding
- Innovation-Driven Project of Central South University [2019CX033]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51904344]
- Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project [2017TP1001, 2020JJ4710]
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This paper discusses the importance of developing efficient and robust electrochemical energy storage systems, as well as the role of single atom catalysts in improving device performance. Additionally, it summarizes the working principles and challenges of next-generation electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices.
Owing to the energy crisis and environmental pollution, developing efficient and robust electrochemical energy storage (or conversion) systems is urgently needed but still very challenging. Next-generation electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices, mainly including fuel cells, metal-air batteries, metal-sulfur batteries, and metal-ion batteries, have been viewed as promising candidates for future large-scale energy applications. All these systems are operated through one type of chemical conversion mechanism, which is currently limited by poor reaction kinetics. Single atom catalysts (SACs) perform maximum atom efficiency and well-defined active sites. They have been employed as electrode components to enhance the redox kinetics and adjust the interactions at the reaction interface, boosting device performance. In this Review, we briefly summarize the related background knowledge, motivation and working principle toward next-generation electrochemical energy storage (or conversion) devices, including fuel cells, Zn-air batteries, Al-air batteries, Li-air batteries, Li-CO2 batteries, Li-S batteries, and Na-S batteries. While pointing out the remaining challenges in each system, we clarify the importance of SACs to solve these development bottlenecks. Then, we further explore the working principle and current progress of SACs in various device systems. Finally, future opportunities and perspectives of SACs in next-generation electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices are discussed.
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