Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 14, Issue 12, Pages 16864-16874Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c05700
Keywords
upconversion nanoparticles; near-infrared; lateral flow assay; procalcitonin; sepsis
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51672061, 51972084, 81673040]
- Guangdong Provincial Department of Education Youth innovative talents Project [2017KQNCX168]
- Guangzhou Health Science and technology project [20201A011078]
- Guangzhou Science and Technology Project [201904010214]
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Luminescence nanomaterial-based lateral flow assay (LFA) is promising for point-of-care tests. However, the detection sensitivity and accuracy are often affected by the interferences of autofluorescence and photon scattering from nitrocellulose membrane and colored plasma. Here, we describe a near-infrared to near-infrared upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP) immunolabeled LFA for background-free chromatographic detection of sepsis biomarker procalcitonin (PCT) in clinical human plasma. This upconversion immunolabeling enables both light excitation (at similar to 980 nm) and anti-Stokes emission (at 800 nm) to be adopted within the first 41 biological window (700-1000 nm), which eliminates background autofluorescence as well as photon scattering interferences, empowering a high- sensitivity detection without complicated procedures. After optimization, the described assay presented a limit of detection reaching down to 0.03 ng/mL, lower than the normal level (0.05 ng/mL), while having a detection range of 0.03-50 ng/mL that covers the clinical PCT level of interest (0.5-10 ng/mL). The assay recoveries in human serum samples were evaluated to be about 95-110%, whereas the inter- and intra-assay coefficient variations were both determined to be below 15%. Importantly, measured PCT concentrations in clinical samples are in good correlation with that of the electro- chemiluminescence immunoassay (Roche) widely applied in large clinical settings. This near-infrared to near-infrared upconversion immunolabeling approach has direct implications for ultrasensitive and background-free point-of-care detection of other serum biomarkers in resource-limited clinical settings.
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