4.5 Article

Cardiopulmonary and histological characterization of an acute rat lung injury model demonstrating safety of mesenchymal stromal cell infusion

Journal

CYTOTHERAPY
Volume 18, Issue 4, Pages 536-545

Publisher

ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2016.01.010

Keywords

cardiac function; cardiopulmonary characterization; cellular therapy; lung injury; mesenchymal stromal cells; MSC; pulmonary function; safety; stem cells

Funding

  1. Production Assistance for Cellular Therapies (PACT) program from National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute at the University of Wisconsin-Madison Waisman Biomanufacturing (PACT) [HHSN268201000010C]
  2. University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center Support Grant [P30 CA014520]

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Background aims. In the field of cellular therapy, potential cell entrapment in the lungs following intravenous administration in a compromised or injured pulmonary system is an important concern that requires further investigation. We developed a rat model of inflammatory and fibrotic lung disease to mimic the human clinical condition of obliterative bronchiolitis (OB) and evaluate the safety of intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). This model was used to obtain appropriate safety information and functional characterization to support the translation of an ex vivo-generated cellular product into human clinical trials. To overcome spontaneous recovery and size limitations associated with current animal models, we used a novel multiple dose bleomycin strategy to induce lasting lung injury in rats. Methods. Intratracheal instillation of bleomycin was administered to rats on multiple days. MSCs were intravenously infused 7 days apart. Detailed pulmonary function tests including forced expiratory volume, total lung capacity, and invasive hemodynamic measurements were conducted to define the representative disease model and monitor cardiopulmonary hemodynamic consequences of the cell infusion. Post-euthanasia assessments included a thorough evaluation of lung morphology and histopathology. Results. The double dose bleomycin instillation regimen resulted in severe and irreversible lung injury and fibrosis. Cardiopulmonary physiological monitoring reveled that no adverse events could be attributed to the cell infusion process. Discussion. Although our study did not show the infusion of MSCs to result in an improvement in lung function or rescue of damaged tissue this study does confirm the safety of MSC infusion into damaged lungs.

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