Journal
CYTOKINE & GROWTH FACTOR REVIEWS
Volume 30, Issue -, Pages 55-69Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2015.12.010
Keywords
SAA; FPR2; Chemotaxis; Cytokines; TLR2
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Funding
- Fund for Scientific Research of Flanders (F.W.O.-Vlaanderen)
- Interuniversity Attraction Poles Program
- Belgian Science Policy Office (I.A.P. project) [P7/40]
- Concerted Research Actions (G.O.A.) of the Regional Government of Flanders [2013/015]
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Levels of serum amyloid A (SAA), a major acute phase protein in humans, are increased up to 1000-fold upon infection, trauma, cancer or other inflammatory events. However, the exact role of SAA in host defense is yet not fully understood. Several pro- and anti-inflammatory properties have been ascribed to SAA. Here, the regulated production of SAA by cytokines and glucocorticoids is discussed first. Secondly, the cytokine and chemokine inducing capacity of SAA and its receptor usage are reviewed. Thirdly, the direct (via FPR2) and indirect (via TLR2) chemotactic effects of SAA and its synergy with chemokines are unraveled. Altogether, a complex cytokine-SAA-chemokine network is established, in which SAA plays a key role in regulating the inflammatory response. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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