Journal
DIAGNOSTICS
Volume 10, Issue 10, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10100832
Keywords
urinary tract infection; urinalysis; Gram-negative rods; Escherichia coli
Categories
Funding
- Swedish Research Council (VR) [2019-01720]
- USAID
- UK Government
- Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands
- Grand Challenges Canada [R-HGC-POC-1904-23882]
- Umea University [2007-8673]
- Swedish Research Council [2016-06598]
- Swedish Research Council [2016-06598, 2019-01720] Funding Source: Swedish Research Council
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Medical diagnosis in low-resource settings is confronted by the lack of suitable guidelines, protocols and checklists. Online-accessible procedural documents are difficult to find, might be mistranslated or interpreted and usually do not address the needs of developing countries. Urinalysis, one of the most frequently performed diagnostic examinations worldwide, involves a series of tests aiming to detect particular disorders, such as urinary tract infections, kidney disease and diabetes. In this guideline, we present an alternative approach for clinical laboratories with limited resources to identify common bacterial uropathogens. We propose dividing the identification plan into two levels. The implicated pathogen will first be assigned into a bacterial group, basic identification, against which a suitable panel of antimicrobial agents shall be selected for the antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST). Characterization of the pathogen to the genus or species level, advanced identification, will then be performed to ensure correct reading of the AST results and determine the epidemiology of clinically significant pathogens. Most of the proposed steps in our guideline are tailored to meet the needs of clinical laboratories in low-resource settings. Such guidelines are needed to strengthen the capacity of regional pathology laboratories and to enhance international initiatives on antimicrobial resistance and health equity.
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