Journal
ANTIOXIDANTS
Volume 9, Issue 9, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/antiox9090848
Keywords
gut microbiota; inflammation; mitochondria; mitochondrial oxidative; nitrosative stress; obesity; type 2 diabetes
Funding
- Carlos III Health Institute [PI19/00838, PI19/0437, CIBERehd CB06/04/0071, CES/10/030, CPII16/00037]
- European Regional Development Fund (ERDF A way to build Europe)
- Ministry of Education of the Valencian Regional Government [PROMETEO/2019/027]
- FISABIO [UGP-15-220]
- Menarini S.A.
- Ministry of Health of the Valencian Regional Government [CES/10/030, CPII16/00037]
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The rising prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a growing concern worldwide. New discoveries in the field of metagenomics and clinical research have revealed that the gut microbiota plays a key role in these metabolic disorders. The mechanisms regulating microbiota composition are multifactorial and include resistance to stress, presence of pathogens, diet, cultural habits and general health conditions. Recent evidence has shed light on the influence of microbiota quality and diversity on mitochondrial functions. Of note, the gut microbiota has been shown to regulate crucial transcription factors, coactivators, as well as enzymes implicated in mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolism. Moreover, microbiota metabolites seem to interfere with mitochondrial oxidative/nitrosative stress and autophagosome formation, thus regulating the activation of the inflammasome and the production of inflammatory cytokines, key players in chronic metabolic disorders. This review focuses on the association between intestinal microbiota and mitochondrial function and examines the mechanisms that may be the key to their use as potential therapeutic strategies in obesity and T2D management.
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