Journal
GUT MICROBES
Volume 12, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1795389
Keywords
Human intestinal enteroids; organoids; bacterial pathogens; enteric bacteria
Categories
Funding
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [U19 AI109776]
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [P30 DK089502]
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Enteric bacterial pathogens cause significant morbidity and mortality globally. Studies in tissue culture and animal models shaped our initial understanding of these host-pathogen interactions. However, intrinsic shortcomings in these models limit their application, especially in translational applications like drug screening and vaccine development. Human intestinal enteroid and organoid models overcome some limitations of existing models and advance the study of enteric pathogens. In this review, we detail the use of human enteroids and organoids to investigate the pathogenesis of invasive bacteriaShigella, Listeria, andSalmonella, and noninvasive bacteria pathogenicEscherichia coli, Clostridium difficile, andVibrio cholerae. We highlight how these studies confirm previously identified mechanisms and, importantly, reveal novel ones. We also discuss the challenges for model advancement, including platform engineering to integrate environmental conditions, innate immune cells and the resident microbiome, and the potential for pre-clinical testing of recently developed antimicrobial drugs and vaccines.
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