Journal
NATURE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
Volume 4, Issue 10, Pages 997-1009Publisher
NATURE RESEARCH
DOI: 10.1038/s41551-020-00604-w
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Funding
- Leducq Foundation [R01-HL141470]
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health [P41 GM103545, R24 GM136986]
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute (CVRTI)
- National Institutes of Health [K99-HL148523-01A1]
- National Key R&D Program of China [2018YFA0108100]
- China Scholarship Council
- Soft and Hybrid Nanotechnology Experimental (SHyNE) Resource [NSF ECCS-1542205]
- MRSEC program at the Materials Research Center [NSF DMR-1720139]
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Soft multilayer electronic arrays on endocardial balloon catheters allow for multiplexed high-density spatiotemporal sensing and actuation, as shown in perfused ex vivo hearts. The rigidity and relatively primitive modes of operation of catheters equipped with sensing or actuation elements impede their conformal contact with soft-tissue surfaces, limit the scope of their uses, lengthen surgical times and increase the need for advanced surgical skills. Here, we report materials, device designs and fabrication approaches for integrating advanced electronic functionality with catheters for minimally invasive forms of cardiac surgery. By using multiphysics modelling, plastic heart models and Langendorff animal and human hearts, we show that soft electronic arrays in multilayer configurations on endocardial balloon catheters can establish conformal contact with curved tissue surfaces, support high-density spatiotemporal mapping of temperature, pressure and electrophysiological parameters and allow for programmable electrical stimulation, radiofrequency ablation and irreversible electroporation. Integrating multimodal and multiplexing capabilities into minimally invasive surgical instruments may improve surgical performance and patient outcomes.
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