Journal
SCIENCE ADVANCES
Volume 6, Issue 36, Pages -Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc1151
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Funding
- NASA Ocean Surface Topography Science Team program [NNX17AH59G]
- NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory
- Cooperative Institute of Marine and Atmospheric Studies (CIMAS), a Cooperative Institute of the University of Miami and NOAA [NA10OAR4320143]
- Office of Naval Research [N00014-17-1-2394]
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Following the onset of the strong 2014-2016 El Nino, a decade-long increase of the basin-wide sea level and heat content in the subtropical southern Indian Ocean (SIO) in 2004-2013 ended with an unprecedented drop, which quickly recovered during the weak 2017-2018 La Nina. Here, we show that the 2014-2016 El Nino contributed to the observed cooling through an unusual combination of both the reduced heat advection from the Pacific (dominant in the eastern SIO) and the basin-wide cyclonic wind anomaly that led to shoaling of isotherms (dominant in the western SIO). The ensuing recovery was mainly forced by an anticyclonic wind anomaly associated with stronger trade winds that caused deepening of isotherms and upper-ocean warming, effectively suppressing the 2014-2016 cooling signal propagating from the eastern boundary. The results presented here highlight the complexity of the SIO heat content variability driven by remote and local forcing.
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