Journal
NATURE ENERGY
Volume 5, Issue 11, Pages 870-880Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41560-020-00705-5
Keywords
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [61974063, 61921005]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [14380168]
- National Key R&D Program of China [2018YFB1500102]
- Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK20190315]
- Basic Research Program of Frontier Leading Technologies in Jiangsu Province
- Program for Innovative Talents and Entrepreneur in Jiangsu
- Thousand Talent Program for Young Outstanding Scientists in China
- US Department of the Navy, Office of Naval Research [N00014-20-1-2572]
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
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Monolithic all-perovskite tandem solar cells offer an avenue to increase power conversion efficiency beyond the limits of single-junction cells. It is an important priority to unite efficiency, uniformity and stability, yet this has proven challenging because of high trap density and ready oxidation in narrow-bandgap mixed lead-tin perovskite subcells. Here we report simultaneous enhancements in the efficiency, uniformity and stability of narrow-bandgap subcells using strongly reductive surface-anchoring zwitterionic molecules. The zwitterionic antioxidant inhibits Sn(2+)oxidation and passivates defects at the grain surfaces in mixed lead-tin perovskite films, enabling an efficiency of 21.7% (certified 20.7%) for single-junction solar cells. We further obtain a certified efficiency of 24.2% in 1-cm(2)-area all-perovskite tandem cells and in-lab power conversion efficiencies of 25.6% and 21.4% for 0.049 cm(2)and 12 cm(2)devices, respectively. The encapsulated tandem devices retain 88% of their initial performance following 500 hours of operation at a device temperature of 54-60 degrees C under one-sun illumination in ambient conditions. Ensuring both stability and efficiency in mixed lead-tin perovskite solar cells is crucial to the development of all-perovskite tandems. Xiao et al. use an antioxidant zwitterionic molecule to suppress tin oxidation thus enabling large-area tandem cells with 24.2% efficiency and operational stability over 500 hours.
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