Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
Volume 40, Issue -, Pages 62-69Publisher
CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2016.07.015
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Funding
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders And Stroke of the National Institutes of Health [R01NS070899, P0INS097197]
- Kentucky Science and Engineering Foundation [KSEF-2268RDE-014, KSEF-2971-RDE-017]
- Mitzutani Foundation for Glycoscience award
- National Science Foundation [IIA-1355438, MCB-1252345]
- Office Of The Director
- Office of Integrative Activities [1355438] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Glucan phosphatases are functionally conserved at the enzymatic level, dephosphorylating glycogen in animals and starch in plants. The human glucan phosphatase laforin is the founding member of the family and it is comprised of a carbohydrate binding module (CBM) domain followed by a dual specificity phosphatase (DSP) domain. Plants encode two glucan phosphatases: Starch EXcess4 (SEX4) and Like Sex Four2 (LSF2). SEX4 contains a DSP domain followed by a CBM domain, while LSF2 contains a DSP domain and lacks a CBM. This review demonstrates how glucan phosphatase function is conserved and highlights how each family member employs a unique mechanism to bind and dephosphorylate glucan substrates.
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