Journal
NANOMATERIALS
Volume 10, Issue 11, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/nano10112112
Keywords
gold nanostars; photothermal therapy; photoacoustic imaging; computed tomography; nanoparticles; cancer; theranostic agents
Categories
Funding
- Flemish foundation for Innovation, Science and Technology [080017, 140061]
- European Commission under the 'PANA' project, Call H2020-NMP-2015-two-stage [686009]
- University of Leuven [10/017]
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Gold nanoparticles offer the possibility to combine both imaging and therapy of otherwise difficult to treat tumors. To validate and further improve their potential, we describe the use of gold nanostars that were functionalized with a polyethyleneglycol-maleimide coating for in vitro and in vivo photoacoustic imaging (PAI), computed tomography (CT), as well as photothermal therapy (PTT) of cancer cells and tumor masses, respectively. Nanostar shaped particles show a high absorption coefficient in the near infrared region and have a hydrodynamic size in biological medium around 100 nm, which allows optimal intra-tumoral retention. Using these nanostars for in vitro labeling of tumor cells, high intracellular nanostar concentrations could be achieved, resulting in high PAI and CT contrast and effective PTT. By injecting the nanostars intratumorally, high contrast could be generated in vivo using PAI and CT, which allowed successful multi-modal tumor imaging. PTT was successfully induced, resulting in tumor cell death and subsequent inhibition of tumor growth. Therefore, gold nanostars are versatile theranostic agents for tumor therapy.
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