Journal
NANOMATERIALS
Volume 10, Issue 8, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/nano10081619
Keywords
foliar application; titanium dioxide; zinc oxide; nanoparticles; sunflower; nano-fertilisers
Categories
Funding
- Scientific Grant Agency of the Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sports of the Slovak Republic [SGS SP2020/74]
- Slovak Academy of Sciences [KEGA 013SPU-4/2019, VEGA 1/0164/17, VEGA 1/0146/18, VEGA 1/0292/21, VEGA 1/0391/21, VEGA 1/0463/21, VEGA 1/0530/18]
- European Union foundation
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Nano-fertilisers have only recently been introduced to intensify plant production, and there still remains inadequate scientific knowledge on their plant-related effects. This paper therefore compares the effects of two nano-fertilisers on common sunflower production under field conditions. The benefits arising from the foliar application of micronutrient-based zinc oxide fertiliser were compared with those from the titanium dioxide plant-growth enhancer. Both the zinc oxide (ZnO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) were delivered by foliar application in nano-size at a concentration of 2.6 mg center dot L-1. The foliar-applied nanoparticles (NPs) had good crystallinity and a mean size distribution under 30 nm. There were significant differences between these two experimental treatments in the leaf surfaces' trichomes diversity, ratio, width, and length at the flower-bud development stage. Somewhat surprisingly, our results established that the ZnO-NPs treatment induced generally better sunflower physiological responses, while the TiO2-NPs primarily affected quantitative and nutritional parameters such as oil content and changed sunflower physiology to early maturation. There were no differences detected in titanium or zinc translocation or accumulation in the fully ripe sunflower seeds compared to the experimental controls, and our positive results therefore encourage further nano-fertiliser research.
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