Journal
CATALYSTS
Volume 10, Issue 9, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/catal10090953
Keywords
copper complex; photoinitiator; photopolymerization; photosensitizer; photoredox catalysis; TADF; redox polymerization; free radical polymerization; cationic polymerization
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Funding
- Aix Marseille University (AMU)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR agency) [ANR-17-CE08-0054]
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Metal complexes are used in numerous chemical and photochemical processes in organic chemistry. Metal complexes have not been excluded from the interest of polymerists to convert liquid resins into solid materials. If iridium complexes have demonstrated their remarkable photochemical reactivity in polymerization, their high costs and their attested toxicities have rapidly discarded these complexes for further developments. Conversely, copper complexes are a blooming field of research in (photo) polymerization due to their low cost, easy syntheses, long-living excited state lifetimes, and their remarkable chemical and photochemical stabilities. Copper complexes can also be synthesized in solution and by mechanochemistry, paving the way towards the synthesis of photoinitiators by Green synthetic approaches. In this review, an overview of the different copper complexes reported to date is presented. Copper complexes are versatile candidates for polymerization, as these complexes are now widely used not only in photopolymerization, but also in redox and photoassisted redox polymerization processes.
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