Journal
SUSTAINABILITY
Volume 12, Issue 17, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/su12177165
Keywords
nitrogen fertilizers; phosphorus fertilizers; potassium fertilizers; grasslands; soil pH; acid cations; base cations
Funding
- Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Poland
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
- Ministry of Science and Higher Education Programme [005/RID/2018 19]
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Soil acidification in agroecosystems is a natural process that could be accelerated, mainly by the inappropriate application of mineral fertilizers, or prevented, by sustainable management practices. On the basis of a three-year field study in a grassland agroecosystem, the impact of different rates of fertilization with nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) on soil chemical parameters related to soil acidity was evaluated. It was found that high-rate fertilization with ammonium nitrate accelerated the soil acidification process, which was additionally intensified by the application of superphosphate and potassium salt. The sum of exchangeable base cations, the values of base saturation and hydrolytic acidity in the soil reflected the interactions between the applied NPK-fertilizer levels. Considering chemical parameters related to soil acidity studied in this experiment, it seems that the best strategies for mitigating soil acidification in grasslands are reducing nitrate leaching, changing fertilizer types and increasing the input of base cations.
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