Journal
NANO ENERGY
Volume 80, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2020.105510
Keywords
Lithium-sulfur batteries; Flexible and stretchable batteries; Gels; High sulfur loading; Thermostable
Categories
Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFA0208200, 2016YFB0700600]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [0205-14380219]
- NSFC [21872069, 51761135104, 21573108]
- Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK20180008]
- High-Level Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project of Jiangsu Province of China
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The study demonstrates the fabrication of superstretchable Li-S batteries based on highly elastic gel cathodes, gel electrolytes, zigzag Cu wire-interconnected Li anode pieces and soft packages. The gel cathodes with tri-continuous structures and gel electrolytes with high ionic conductivity and thermal stability show effective suppression of Li dendrite growth and allow the batteries to be stretched up to 420% of their original length, function at high temperatures and deliver ultrahigh areal capacity.
Lithium-sulfur batteries are desirable for portable and wearable electronic devices because of their high energy density, low cost and environmental friendliness. Herein, the fabrication of superstretchable Li-S batteries based on highly elastic gel cathodes (fracture strain: 1671%), gel electrolytes (fracture strain: 1223%), zigzag Cu wire-interconnected Li anode pieces and soft packages, is demonstrated. A phase inversion approach is developed to prepare gel cathodes composed of a homogeneously distributed 3D porous fluorinated copolymer skeleton, interlaced electron-conductive networks and sulfur-encapsulated hierarchical polar nanocomposites. The highly elastic gel cathodes possess tri-continuous structures with interpenetrated macropores favourable for high sulfur loading, electrolyte permeation and ion transport. The gel electrolytes with an amorphous phase copolymer matrix and tethered anions exhibit high ionic conductivity, thermal stability, flexibility and effective suppression of Li dendrite growth. The soft-packed Li-S batteries can be stretched up to 420% of their original length, function normally at 80 degrees C and deliver an ultrahigh areal capacity of 11.0 mAh cm(-2) at a sulfur loading of 14 mg cm(-2).
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