Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 41, Issue -, Pages 98-103Publisher
CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2016.07.005
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Funding
- Dutch Cancer Society Queen Wilhelmina Award [NKI 2013-6122]
- Blavatnik Family Foundation
- Dutch Cancer Society [NKI 2012-5463]
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Somatic mutations in the genome represent one of the major drivers of malignancy. However, non-synonymous mutations are also a source of mutated peptides that are presented by HLA molecules to induce protective CD4 and CD8 T cell responses. Consistent with this notion, the mutation burden of a tumor is correlated with local immunity as well as outcome of therapy and patient survival. Furthermore, neoantigen-specific T cells appear sufficient to control tumors prophylactically and therapeutically. While the role of neoantigens as a determinant of the foreignness of human cancers is now well established, major questions, including the relative importance of clonal vs subclonal neoantigens, and CD4 vs CD8 T cells, remain unanswered. We expect continued animal studies to address some of the open issues and ongoing clinical trials to establish the utility of therapeutic strategies to enhance neoantigen-specific T cell responses in human cancer.
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