Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN COLLOID & INTERFACE SCIENCE
Volume 22, Issue -, Pages 88-93Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2016.03.002
Keywords
Self-emulsification; Diffusion; Ouzo effect; Phase inversion; Low-energy emulsification; Nanoemulsion
Categories
Funding
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, MINECO [CTQ 2011-29336-CO3-01, CTQ2014-52687]
- Generalitat de Catalunya [2014SGR-1655]
- CIBER-BBN
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Spontaneous emulsification may occur when immiscible liquids in non-equilibrium conditions are in contact. This phenomenon is triggered by gradients of chemical potential between the phases, which under certain conditions lead to negative values of free energy of emulsification. A summary of background information on spontaneous emulsification is first presented with emphasis on proposed mechanisms. It follows a description of recent developments, in both surfactant-free and surfactant systems. Applications based on the use of spontaneous emulsification to produce delivery systems and nanostructured materials with improved properties in a cost-effective way are also described. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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