Journal
REMOTE SENSING
Volume 12, Issue 20, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/rs12203436
Keywords
Palu earthquake; subpixel image correlation; curl; divergence; and shear strain; geometric variation of coseismic rupture
Categories
Funding
- Institute of Geology of the China Earthquake Administration [IGCEA1919]
- National Science Foundation of China [41631073]
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We obtained high-resolution (10 m) horizontal displacement fields from pre- and post-seismic Sentinel-2 optical images of the 2018 Mw7.5 Palu earthquake using subpixel image correlation. From these, we calculated the curl, divergence, and shear strain fields from the north-south (NS) and east-west (EW) displacement fields. Our results show that the surface rupture produced by the event was distributed within the Sulawesi neck (0.0974-0.6632 degrees S) and Palu basin (0.8835-1.4206 degrees S), and had a variable strike of 313.0-355.2 degrees and strike slip of 2.00-6.62 m. The NS and EW displacement fields within the Palu basin included fine-scale displacements in both the near- and far-fault, the deformation patterns included a small restraining bend (localized shortening), a distributed rupture zone, and a major releasing bend (net extension) from the curl, divergence, and shear strain. Surface rupture was dominated by left-lateral strike-slip from initiation to termination, with a localized normal slip component peaking at similar to 3.75 m. The characteristics and geometric variation of the ruptured fault controlled both the formation of these surface deformation patterns and sustained supershear rupture.
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