Journal
JOURNAL OF DIABETES INVESTIGATION
Volume 12, Issue 6, Pages 940-949Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13437
Keywords
Continuous glucose monitoring; Hemoglobin A1c; Time in range
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Funding
- Hyogo College of Medicine [210790]
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This study found that HbA1c and GA were negatively correlated with TIR, whereas 1,5-AG was positively correlated with TIR in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients. The estimated HbA1c corresponding to a TIR of 70% was approximately 7.0% for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients, suggesting potential differences in 1,5-AG levels based on TIR values between these two types of diabetes.
Aims/Introduction Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), glycated albumin (GA) and 1,5-anhydro-d-glucitol (1,5-AG) are used as indicators of glycemic control, whereas continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is used to assess daily glucose profiles. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between CGM metrics, such as time in range (TIR), and glycemic control indicators. Materials and Methods We carried out retrospective CGM and blood tests on 189 outpatients with impaired glucose tolerance (n = 22), type 1 diabetes mellitus (n = 67) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 100). Results In type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, HbA1c and GA were negatively correlated with TIR, whereas 1,5-AG was positively correlated with TIR. In type 1 diabetes mellitus patients, a TIR of 70% corresponded to HbA1c, GA and 1,5-AG of 6.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.5-7.2%), 20.3% (95% CI 19.0-21.7%) and 6.0 mu g/mL (95% CI 5.1-6.9 mu g/mL), respectively. In type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, a TIR of 70% corresponded to HbA1c, GA and 1,5-AG of 7.1% (95% CI 7.0-7.3%), 19.3% (95% CI 18.7-19.9%) and 10.0 mu g/mL (95% CI 9.0-11.0 mu g/mL), respectively. TIR values corresponding to HbA1c levels of 7.0% were 56.1% (95% CI 52.3-59.8%) and 74.2% (95% CI 71.3-77.2%) in type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, respectively. Conclusions The results of this study showed that the estimated HbA1c corresponding to a TIR of 70% was approximately 7.0% for both type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, and that the estimated 1,5-AG calculated from the TIR of 70% might be different between type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
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