Journal
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
Volume 14, Issue -, Pages 4029-4051Publisher
DOVE MEDICAL PRESS LTD
DOI: 10.2147/DDDT.S270829
Keywords
bone mineral density; bone turnover marker; menopause; osteopenia; osteoporosis
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Funding
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia via Fundamental Research Grant [FF-2020-145]
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia through Postdoctoral Research Scheme (RGA1)
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Denosumab is a receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Beta ligand inhibitor, which suppresses the bone resorption process to preserve bone mass. It is usually recommended to postmenopausal women and men with high fracture risk. With the recent publication of the results from FREEDOM study and its extension, the long-term effect of denosumab in preventing fragility fractures has been put forward. This review aims at summarising the evidence of denosumab in reducing fracture risk and its safety derived from clinical studies. Most of the evidence are derived from FREEDOM trials up to 10 years of exposure. Denosumab is reported to prevent vertebral and non-vertebral fractures. It is also proven effective in Japanese women, patients with chronic kidney diseases and breast cancer patients receiving antineoplastic therapy. Denosumab discontinuation leads to high remodeling, loss of bone mineral density and increased fracture risk. These negative effects might be preventable by bisphosphonate treatment. The safety profile of denosumab is consistent with increased years of exposure. In conclusion, denosumab is a safe and effective option for reducing fracture risk among patients with osteoporosis.
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