Journal
ANNALS OF GLACIOLOGY
Volume 61, Issue 83, Pages 341-368Publisher
CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1017/aog.2020.54
Keywords
Ice shelves; ice; ocean interactions; sea ice; sea-ice ecology; sea-ice; ice-shelf interactions
Funding
- German Research Council [SPP1158, NI 1092/2]
- University of Otago [110282, 112061, 110312]
- Antarctica New Zealand
- Deep South National Science Challenge for project 'Targeted Observations and Processes Informed by Modelling of Antarctic Sea Ice'
- Deep South National Science Challenge for project 'Impacts of freshwater from icebergs and ice shelf melt in the New Zealand Earth System Model'
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA) Core funding 'Antarctic and High Latitude Climate'
- FRST [IPY UOOX0705]
- NIWA
- Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment [C01X1226]
- Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Cambridge (EPSRC) [EP/K032208/1]
- 1999/2000 Antarctica New Zealand Sir Robin Irvine Post-Graduate Scholarship
- University of Otago
- Blair Trust scholarship
- Aotearoa New Zealand Ross Ice Shelf Programme: Vulnerability of the Ross Ice Shelf in a Warming World (New Zealand Antarctic Research Institute) [NZARI 2014-11]
- NZ SeaRise programme - Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment
- Sea Ice Physics Section at AWI
- Open Access Publication Funds of Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum fur Polar- und Meeresforschung
- [CAOA1703]
- New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment (MBIE) [C01X1226] Funding Source: New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment (MBIE)
Ask authors/readers for more resources
Basal melt of ice shelves is not only an important part of Antarctica's ice sheet mass budget, but it is also the origin of platelet ice, one of the most distinctive types of sea ice. In many coastal Antarctic regions, ice crystals form and grow in supercooled plumes of Ice Shelf Water. They usually rise towards the surface, becoming trapped under an ice shelf as marine ice or forming a semi-consolidated layer, known as the sub-ice platelet layer, below an overlying sea ice cover. In the latter, sea ice growth consolidates loose crystals to form incorporated platelet ice. These phenomena have numerous and profound impacts on the physical properties, biological processes and biogeochemical cycles associated with Antarctic fast ice: platelet ice contributes to sea ice mass balance and may indicate the extent of ice-shelf basal melting. It can also host a highly productive and uniquely adapted ecosystem. This paper clarifies the terminology and reviews platelet ice formation, observational methods as well as the geographical and seasonal occurrence of this ice type. The physical properties and ecological implications are presented in a way understandable for physicists and biologists alike, thereby providing the background for much needed interdisciplinary research on this topic.
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