Journal
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
Volume 10, Issue 44, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202002390
Keywords
depletion of Li-ions; electrodeposition; lithium metal anodes; mass-transfer; surface concentration
Categories
Funding
- Swedish Foundation for International Cooperation in Research and Higher Education (STINT)
- Chalmers Areas of Advance Materials Science and Energy
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51802256]
- China Scholarship Council [201908090043]
- 111 Project 2.0 [BP2018008]
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The application of lithium metal as an anode material for next generation high energy-density batteries has to overcome the major bottleneck that is the seemingly unavoidable growth of Li dendrites caused by non-uniform electrodeposition on the electrode surface. This problem must be addressed by clarifying the detailed mechanism. In this work the mass-transfer of Li-ions is investigated, a key process controlling the electrochemical reaction. By a phase field modeling approach, the Li-ion concentration and the electric fields are visualized to reveal the role of three key experimental parameters, operating temperature, Li-salt concentration in electrolyte, and applied current density, on the microstructure of deposited Li. It is shown that a rapid depletion of Li-ions on electrode surface, induced by, e.g., low operating temperature, diluted electrolyte and a high applied current density, is the underlying driving force for non-uniform electrodeposition of Li. Thus, a viable route to realize a dendrite-free Li plating process would be to mitigate the depletion of Li-ions on the electrode surface. The methodology and results in this work may boost the practical applicability of Li anodes in Li metal batteries and other battery systems using metal anodes.
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