Biotriboelectric Nanogenerators: Materials, Structures, and Applications

In recent years, as the rising contradiction between the increase of energy demand and intensifying of depleting fossil resources, the development of new energy sources has received more and more attention. Among them, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) with the characteristics of low-cost, high durability, and high processability are becoming the new star in the field of energy sources. In particular, the addition of biomaterials as triboelectric materials makes TENGs more environmentally friendly, giving biomaterial-based TENGs (bio-TENGs) great potential in the field of Internet of Things (IoT), wearable devices, and implantable devices. This review covers the latest advances in bio-TENGs, including the special properties of biomaterials, the innovative structure, and application scenarios of bio-TENGs, and explores the future and limitations of bio-TENGs.