Journal
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 11, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
NATURE RESEARCH
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18228-8
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Funding
- Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences [CAAS-ASTIP-2017-TRICAAS, CAAS-ASTIP-2017-AGISCAAS]
- Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program Cooperation and Innovation Mission [CAAS-XTCX2016]
- Major Science and Technology Special Project of Variety Breeding of Zhejiang Province [2016C02053]
- Shenzhen Science and Technology Research Fund [JSGG20160429104101251]
- National Youth Talent Support Program
- Program for the Innovative Research Team of Yunnan Province
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Tea is an economically important plant characterized by a large genome, high heterozygosity, and high species diversity. In this study, we assemble a 3.26-Gb high-quality chromosome-scale genome for the 'Longjing 43' cultivar of Camellia sinensis var. sinensis. Genomic resequencing of 139 tea accessions from around the world is used to investigate the evolution and phylogenetic relationships of tea accessions. We find that hybridization has increased the heterozygosity and wide-ranging gene flow among tea populations with the spread of tea cultivation. Population genetic and transcriptomic analyses reveal that during domestication, selection for disease resistance and flavor in C. sinensis var. sinensis populations has been stronger than that in C. sinensis var. assamica populations. This study provides resources for marker-assisted breeding of tea and sets the foundation for further research on tea genetics and evolution.
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