Journal
WATER RESEARCH
Volume 185, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116263
Keywords
Powdered activated carbon; Ball milling; Algal micropollutants; Permanganate; Coagulation
Funding
- National Research Foundation of Korea [NRF-2014M3C8A4030493]
- National Research Council of Science & Technology (NST) grant by the Korea government (MSIT) [CAP-18-07-KICT, NRF-2019R1C1C1003435]
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2014M3C8A4030493] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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This study reports application of KMnO4 pre-oxidation and engineered powdered activated carbon (PAC) adsorption to simultaneously control geosmin, 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB), and microcystin-LR (MC-LR) in conventional drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs). Pulverization of commercial wood-based PAC (1 mm ZrO2 ball, 12 h) reduced the median size to similar to 6 mu m and resulted in overall enhanced kinetics for adsorption of the algal micropollutants. A series of parametric experiments were performed to estimate minimal contact for KMnO4 (1 mg L-1, 10 minutes) and PAC (20 mg L-1, 40 minutes) prior to coagulation, with the aim to meet guidelines (0.02, 0.02, and 1 mu g L-1 for geosmin, 2-MIB, and MC-LR, respectively) at specific influent concentrations (0.1, 0.1, and 100 mu g L-1) in surface water matrix. Ball-milling of parent PAC with a low oxygen content (similar to 2.5 w/w%) could avoid interferences from/to the KMnO4 pre-oxidation and subsequent coagulation. Pilot-scale experiments confirmed the compatibility of the combined KMnO4 and PAC at existing DWTPs. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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