Journal
TOXICON
Volume 185, Issue -, Pages 72-75Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.06.020
Keywords
Non-front fanged snake; Colubroid; Psammophiidae; Envenomation; Snake bites; Psammophis spp.; Sand snakes
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A recent case of a bite by a psammophiid snake, Psammophis schokari, is described and analyzed. This is the first report of local envenoming by this species. The 1 m long P. schokari inflicted a protracted bite on the third digit, right hand of the male 59 year-old victim who developed mild, but locally progressive edema and persistent pain; full resolution required almost three months. All documented cases of bites by snakes of the genus Psammophis are briefly reviewed and discussed. Finally, we encourage the use of a standardized method to describe the observed symptoms of bites by non-front-fanged colubroid snakes (NFFCs). Such bites are rare compared to those described for front-fanged snakes (e.g. Viperidae, Elapidae). Published data are still often comprised of anecdote or second-hand information. Whenever possible, formal medical evaluation of victims bitten by NFFCs should be performed in order to establish a medical risk and management profile for each species.
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