Hyper-crosslinked 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide Troger's base containing pyridinium covalent organic polymer (COP) for discriminative fluorescent sensing of chemical explosives

A new hyper-crosslinked 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide Troger's base containing pyridinium covalent organic polymer,TBNap-COP, was synthesised and employed as a 'turn-off' fluorescent chemosensor for nitroaromatic explosives.TBNap-COPwas synthesised in quantitative yield using a one-step nucleophilic substitution reaction between a dipyridyl scaffold (TBNap, bis-[N-(2-(pyridine-4-yl)ethyl)]-9,18-methano-1,8-naphthalimide-[b,f][1,5]diazocine) and 1,3,5-tris(bromomethyl)benzene by heating in DMF for 3 days. The formation and phase-purity ofTBNap-COPwere fully characterised by using various spectroscopic and microscopy analyses. The suspension ofTBNap-COPin water showed strong fluorescence emission characteristics owing to the 'push-pull' based ICT transition and it was used as a fluorescent sensor for discriminative detection of nitroaromatic explosives.TBNap-COPdisplayed selective fluorescence quenching responses for phenolic-nitroaromatics, with particularly high sensitivity for picric acid which is a powerful secondary chemical explosive and a harmful environmental pollutant widely used in the dye industries.