Journal
SMALL
Volume 16, Issue 39, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/smll.202002718
Keywords
cucurbit[6]uril; hierarchical porous carbon; operating voltages; pore size; supercapacitors
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51772017, 51432003]
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The intrinsic properties of carbon-based material and the voltage window of electrolyte are the two key barriers to restrict the energy density of carbon-based supercapacitors (SCs). Herein, a cucurbit[6]uril-derived nitrogen-doped hierarchical porous carbon (CBCx) with unique pore structure characteristics is synthesized and successfully applied to construct SCs based on different electrolyte systems. Owing to narrow pore size distribution (0.5-4 nm), colossal ion-accessible pore volume, prominent supermesopore volume, and reasonable heteroatom configuration, the CBCx-based SCs demonstrate excellent electrochemical performances with high operating voltages in two distinct systems. The optimal SCs can output a maximum energy/power density of 18 Wh kg(-1)(11.1 Wh L-1)/20 kW kg(-1)(12.3 kW L-1) with an operating voltage of 1.2 V in potassium hydroxide aqueous electrolyte, as well as an ultralong cycle life of up to 50 000 cycles (0.046% decay per 100 cycles). Furthermore, the optimal SCs deliver an exceptionally high energy/power density of 95 Wh kg(-1)(58.4 Wh L-1)/70 kW kg(-1)(43 kW L-1) with an ultrahigh operating voltage of 3.5 V in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate electrolyte. This work opens up a new application field for cucurbit[6]uril and provides an alternative avenue for optimizing the performances of carbon-based materials for SCs.
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