Journal
SENSORS
Volume 20, Issue 20, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/s20205877
Keywords
DNAzyme; aptamer; nanopore; resistive pulse sensor; metal ion sensor
Funding
- Nuclear Decommissioning Authority
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DNAzymes are DNA oligonucleotides that can undergo a specific chemical reaction in the presence of a cofactor. Ribonucleases are a specific form of DNAzymes where a tertiary structure undergoes cleavage at a single ribonuclease site. The cleavage is highly specificity to co-factors, which makes them excellent sensor recognition elements. Monitoring the change in structure upon cleavage has given rise to many sensing strategies; here we present a simple and rapid method of following the reaction using resistive pulse sensors, RPS. To demonstrate this methodology, we present a sensor for Ca2+ ions in solution. A nanoparticle was functionalised with a Ca2+ DNAzyme, and it was possible to follow the cleavage and rearrangement of the DNA as the particles translocate the RPS. The binding of Ca2+ caused a conformation change in the DNAzyme, which was monitored as a change in translocation speed. A 30 min assay produced a linear response for Ca2+ between 1-9 mu m, and extending the incubation time to 60 min allowed for a concentration as low as 0.3 mu m. We demonstrate that the signal is specific to Ca2+ in the presence of other metal ions, and we can quantify Ca2+ in tap and pond water samples.
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