Journal
SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES
Volume 64, Issue 6, Pages 911-925Publisher
SCIENCE PRESS
DOI: 10.1007/s11427-020-1815-6
Keywords
depression; microglia; microglial activation; pro-inflammatory cytokine; anti-inflammatory cytokine; antidepressant; ketamine
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31830032, 81527901, 31671057]
- non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences [2017PT31038, 2018PT31041]
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFA0501000]
- Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province [2018B030334001, 2018B030331001]
- 111 Project [B13026]
- Fountain-Valley Life Sciences Fund of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Education Foundation
- CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences [2019-I2M-5-057]
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This review focuses on the role of microglia in the etiology of depression, discussing the dynamic states of microglia, the correlative and causal evidence of microglial abnormalities in depression, possible mechanisms of how microglia sense depression-related stress and modulate depression state, and how antidepressive therapies affect microglia. Understanding the role of microglia in depression may lead to new treatment strategies for fighting against this mental illness.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent psychiatric disease that involves malfunctions of different cell types in the brain. Accumulating studies started to reveal that microglia, the primary resident immune cells, play an important role in the development and progression of depression. Microglia respond to stress-triggered neuroinflammation, and through the release of proinflammatory cytokines and their metabolic products, microglia may modulate the function of neurons and astrocytes to regulate depression. In this review, we focused on the role of microglia in the etiology of depression. We discussed the dynamic states of microglia; the correlative and causal evidence of microglial abnormalities in depression; possible mechanisms of how microglia sense depression-related stress and modulate depression state; and how antidepressive therapies affect microglia. Understanding the role of microglia in depression may shed light on developing new treatment strategies to fight against this devastating mental illness.
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