Ultrasound-guided subparaneural popliteal sciatic nerve block: there is more to it than meets the eyes

The popliteal sciatic nerve block is routinely used for anesthesia and analgesia during foot and ankle surgery. This article reviews our current understanding of the anatomy of the sciatic nerve and discusses how fascial tissue layers associated with the nerve may affect block outcomes. The anatomy of the sciatic nerve is more complex than previously described. The tibial and common peroneal nerves within the sciatic nerve trunk appear to be centrally separated by the Compton-Cruveilhier septum and encompassed by their own paraneural sheaths. This unique internal architecture of the sciatic nerve appears to promote proximal spread of local anesthetic to the internal aspect of the sciatic nerve trunk after a subparaneural injection at or below the divergence of the tibial and common peroneal nerves.

Automated summary

This article reviews the use of popliteal sciatic nerve block for foot and ankle surgery and how the anatomy of the sciatic nerve can affect block outcomes. The study found that the internal architecture of the sciatic nerve is more complex than previously described, which promotes the spread of local anesthetic to the internal aspect of the nerve trunk.