Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 117, Issue 38, Pages 23211-23218Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1913749117
Keywords
lead; drinking water; corrosion; thermodynamics; public health
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The Flint water crisis raised questions about the factors resulting in unacceptable soluble lead concentrations in the city's drinking water. Although water treatment strategies, failure to follow regulations, and unethical behavior were all factors, knowledge deficits at the intersection of several scientific fields also contributed to the crisis. Pursuit of opportunities to address unresolved scientific questions can help avert future lead poisoning disasters. Such advances will enable scientifically based, data-driven risk assessments that inform decisions involving drinking water systems. In this way, managers and decision makers can anticipate, monitor, and prevent future lead in water crises.
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