Journal
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Volume 375, Issue 1810, Pages -Publisher
ROYAL SOC
DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0747
Keywords
drought; gross primary productivity; sensitivity; Europe; eddy covariance; soil moisture
Categories
Funding
- European Research Council Synergy project [SyG-2013-610028 IMBALANCE-P]
- ANR CLAND Convergence Institute
- U.S. National Science Foundation [1552976]
- Alexander von Humbold Stiftung
- Swiss National Science Foundation project ICOS-CH Phase 2 [20FI20_173691]
- RFBR [19-04-01234-a]
- successive European projects
- European regional development programmes
- Region Lorraine
- GIP Ecofor
- SOERE F-ORE-T
- ADEME
- INRA Department of Forest, Grassland and Freshwater Ecology
- University of Padova [CDPA148553]
- project VitiSOM [LIFE15 ENV/IT/000392]
- Research Foundation-Flanders
- Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic within the CzeCOS program [LM2015061]
- SustES-Adaptation strategies for sustainable ecosystem services and food security under adverse environmental conditions [CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000797]
- European regional development programs
- French National Research Agency (ANR) as part of the 'Investissements d'Avenir' program [ANR-11-LABX-0002-01]
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In summer 2018, Europe experienced a record drought, but it remains unknown how the drought affected ecosystem carbon dynamics. Using observations from 34 eddy covariance sites in different biomes across Europe, we studied the sensitivity of gross primary productivity (GPP) to environmental drivers during the summer drought of 2018 versus the reference summer of 2016. We found a greater drought-induced decline of summer GPP in grasslands (-38%) than in forests (-10%), which coincided with reduced evapotranspiration and soil water content (SWC). As compared to the 'normal year' of 2016, GPP in different ecosystems exhibited more negative sensitivity to summer air temperature (Ta) but stronger positive sensitivity to SWC during summer drought in 2018, that is, a stronger reduction of GPP with soil moisture deficit. We found larger negative effects of Ta and vapour pressure deficit (VPD) but a lower positive effect of photosynthetic photon flux density on GPP in 2018 compared to 2016, which contributed to reduced summer GPP in 2018. Our results demonstrate that high temperature-induced increases in VPD and decreases in SWC aggravated drought impacts on GPP. This article is part of the theme issue 'Impacts of the 2018 severe drought and heatwave in Europe: from site to continental scale'.
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