Introduction to a Special Issue on Genotype by Environment Interaction

Expression of a phenotype is a function of the genotype, the environment, and the differential sensitivity of certain genotypes to different environments, also known as genotype by environment (G x E) interaction. This special issue of Crop Science includes a collection of manuscripts that reviews the long history of G x E research, describes new and innovative ideas, and outlines future challenges. Improving our understanding of these complex interactions is expected to accelerate plant breeding progress, minimize risk through improved cultivar deployment, and improve the efficiency of crop production through informed agriculture. Achieving these goals requires the integration of broad and diverse science and technology disciplines.