Journal
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
Volume 116, Issue -, Pages 142-153Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.06.017
Keywords
Bipolar disorder; Lithium; Major depressive disorder; Recurrent depressive disorder; Suicide; Schizoaffective disorder; Drinking Water
Categories
Funding
- Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation [PI15/00283, PI18/00805]
- ISCIIISubdireccion General de Evaluacion
- Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation
- CIBERSAM
- Comissionat per a Universitats i Recerca del DIUE de la Generalitat de Catalunya [2017 SGR 1365]
- PERIS 2016-2020 (Departament de Salut) [SLT006/17/00357]
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Suicide contributes to 1-4 % of deaths worldwide every year. We conducted a systematic review aimed at summarizing evidence on the use of lithium for the prevention of suicide risk both in mood disorders and in the general population. We followed the PRISMA methodology (keywords: lithium, suicide AND suicidal on Pubmed, Cochrane CENTRAL, Clinicaltrial.gov, other databases). Inclusion criteria: lithium therapy in mood disorder or found in drinking water or scalp in the general population. Exclusion criteria: no lithium administration. From 918 screened references, 18 prospective (number of participants: 153786), 10 retrospective (number of participants: 61088) and 16 ecological studies (total sample: 2062) were included. Most of the observational studies reported a reduction in suicide in patients with mood disorders. All studies about lithium treatment's duration reported that long-term lithium give more benefits than short-term lithium in suicide risk The evidence seems to attribute an intrinsic anti-suicidal property of lithium, independent of its proven efficacy as a mood stabilizer.
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